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  <xsd:element id="plx_DebtInstrumentPrincipalAmountDenominationForConversionIntoCommonStock" name="DebtInstrumentPrincipalAmountDenominationForConversionIntoCommonStock" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_AtMarketEquityOfferingMember" name="AtMarketEquityOfferingMember" nillable="true" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_PercentageOfCommissionOnSaleOfShares" name="PercentageOfCommissionOnSaleOfShares" nillable="true" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_ExercisePrice17.20Member" name="ExercisePrice17.20Member" nillable="true" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_InterestReceivedNet" name="InterestReceivedNet" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_KirinHoldingsCompanyLimitedMember" name="KirinHoldingsCompanyLimitedMember" nillable="true" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_NumberOfEmployeesToReceiveBenefitsDuringNextFiveYears" name="NumberOfEmployeesToReceiveBenefitsDuringNextFiveYears" nillable="true" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_OfficeOfIsraeliInnovationAuthorityMember" name="OfficeOfIsraeliInnovationAuthorityMember" nillable="true" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_OutsideOfIsraelMember" name="OutsideOfIsraelMember" nillable="true" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_LesseeOperatingLeaseNumberOfRenewalTermExtensions" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseNumberOfRenewalTermExtensions" nillable="true" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_EmployeeMember" name="EmployeeMember" nillable="true" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_InterestExpenseDebtOther" name="InterestExpenseDebtOther" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStockAndWarrantsNet" name="ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStockAndWarrantsNet" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_NonRefundableFutureServicePayment" name="NonRefundableFutureServicePayment" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_CommonStockNumberOfVotingRights" name="CommonStockNumberOfVotingRights" nillable="true" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_AdditionalAmountPayableForAchievementOfRegulatoryAndCommercialMilestones" name="AdditionalAmountPayableForAchievementOfRegulatoryAndCommercialMilestones" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_NumberOfCalendarDaysAfterDateOfApplicableFundamentalChange" name="NumberOfCalendarDaysAfterDateOfApplicableFundamentalChange" nillable="true" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_CompensationToNonExecutiveDirectorsMember" name="CompensationToNonExecutiveDirectorsMember" nillable="true" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesSalesAgreement" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesSalesAgreement" nillable="true" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueSalesAgreement" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueSalesAgreement" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermDeposits" name="ProceedsFromSaleOfShortTermDeposits" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_AgreementAmendmentPaymentReceivable" name="AgreementAmendmentPaymentReceivable" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_ChangeInAmountReceivableForAchievementOfRegulatoryAndCommercialMilestones" name="ChangeInAmountReceivableForAchievementOfRegulatoryAndCommercialMilestones" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_RevenuePerformanceObligationNumber" name="RevenuePerformanceObligationNumber" nillable="true" type="xbrli:integerItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_SevenPointFivePercentageSeniorSecuredConvertibleNotesDue2024Member" name="SevenPointFivePercentageSeniorSecuredConvertibleNotesDue2024Member" nillable="true" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercises" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercises" nillable="true" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercises" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercises" nillable="true" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element id="plx_PercentageOfPremiumToClosingPriceOfStock" name="PercentageOfPremiumToClosingPriceOfStock" nillable="true" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" />
  <xsd:element name="DebtConversionTransactionCostsInConnectionWithExchangeOfConvertibleDebt" id="plx_DebtConversionTransactionCostsInConnectionWithExchangeOfConvertibleDebt" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit" />
  <xsd:element name="DebtConversionConvertedInstrumentExchangeInCashAccruedAndUnpaidInterest" id="plx_DebtConversionConvertedInstrumentExchangeInCashAccruedAndUnpaidInterest" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit" />
  <xsd:element name="SupplyAndTechnologyTransferAgreementWithFiocruzMember" id="plx_SupplyAndTechnologyTransferAgreementWithFiocruzMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ProceedsFromExpenseReimbursements" id="plx_ProceedsFromExpenseReimbursements" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element name="ConvertibleNotesDue2021And2024Member" id="plx_ConvertibleNotesDue2021And2024Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ReacquisitionOfEquityComponentOfConvertibleNotes" id="plx_ReacquisitionOfEquityComponentOfConvertibleNotes" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element name="EquityComponentOfConvertibleNotesNetOfTransactionCosts" id="plx_EquityComponentOfConvertibleNotesNetOfTransactionCosts" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit" />
  <xsd:element name="ProceedsFromSaleOfProducts" id="plx_ProceedsFromSaleOfProducts" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
  <xsd:element name="ThresholdPercentageOfConversionPrice" id="plx_ThresholdPercentageOfConversionPrice" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" />
  <xsd:element name="DebtInstrumentAggregatePercentageOfPrincipleAmountOutstanding" id="plx_DebtInstrumentAggregatePercentageOfPrincipleAmountOutstanding" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" />
  <xsd:element name="ExtendedTermOfAgreement" id="plx_ExtendedTermOfAgreement" type="xbrli:durationItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" />
  <xsd:element name="OptionsAndRestrictedSharesMember" id="plx_OptionsAndRestrictedSharesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ExercisePrice1.03To2.00Member" id="plx_ExercisePrice1.03To2.00Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ExercisePrice3.55To3.73Member" id="plx_ExercisePrice3.55To3.73Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="ExercisePrice4.69To5.60Member" id="plx_ExercisePrice4.69To5.60Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="EmployeesAndDirectorsMember" id="plx_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="true" />
  <xsd:element name="CapitalizedResearchAndDevelopmentExpenses" id="plx_CapitalizedResearchAndDevelopmentExpenses" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit" />
</xsd:schema>
